Animal Production

The current livestock population in the SADC Region is largely dominated by ruminant species estimated to be 47 million cattle, 28 million goats, 31 million sheep, and roughly 245 million poultry. Recent statistics indicate very low or negative growth rate for cattle, but reasonable growth for sheep and goats. More than 75% of these animals are raised under the smallholder traditional systems, where livestock ownership sustains livelihoods of an estimated 150 million rural poor in the SADC region.

Livestock provides a steady stream of food and income, helps to raise farm productivity and for many, offers a livelihood option available as they exploit common resources for private gain. An estimated 70% of the rural poor are vulnerable groups including women and children for whom livestock play an important role not only by providing a source of income but also by conferring status. Livestock also creates opportunities for employment beyond the immediate household.

Improvement of livestock productivity in the region has considerable potential for poverty alleviation, in particular for small stock (small ruminants, pigs and poultry), forming a large part of traditional livestock production, and involving a great number of women.